hashtables & updates
This commit is contained in:
parent
ce4e78cabf
commit
3a8136e22c
@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 61,
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"execution_count": 22,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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@ -54,17 +54,9 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 62,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"<__main__.StaticArray object at 0x1079a50f0>\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"sa = StaticArray([1, 2, 3])\n",
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"print(sa)"
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@ -72,19 +64,11 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 63,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"tags": []
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"<__main__.StaticArray object at 0x107b550f0>\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"sa = StaticArray(0, 5)\n",
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"print(sa)"
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@ -92,17 +76,9 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 64,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"StaticArray([1, 2, 3])\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# we can fix that by defining a __repr__ method\n",
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"\n",
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@ -126,19 +102,11 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 65,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"tags": []
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"StaticArray([0, 0, 0, 0, 0])\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"sa = StaticArray(0, 5)\n",
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"print(sa)"
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@ -173,7 +141,7 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 67,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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@ -214,20 +182,9 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 68,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"data": {
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"text/plain": [
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"4"
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]
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},
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"execution_count": 68,
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"metadata": {},
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"output_type": "execute_result"
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}
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],
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"sa = StaticArray([1, \"hi\", 3.14, True])\n",
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"len(sa)"
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@ -235,20 +192,9 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 70,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"data": {
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"text/plain": [
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"True"
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]
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},
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"execution_count": 70,
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"metadata": {},
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"output_type": "execute_result"
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}
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],
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"42 in sa\n",
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"\"hi\" in sa"
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@ -256,42 +202,18 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 72,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"data": {
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"text/plain": [
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"True"
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]
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},
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"execution_count": 72,
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"metadata": {},
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"output_type": "execute_result"
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}
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],
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"sa[3]"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 73,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"ename": "IndexError",
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"evalue": "Index out of range",
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"output_type": "error",
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"traceback": [
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"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
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"\u001b[0;31mIndexError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)",
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"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[73], line 1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0m \u001b[43msa\u001b[49m\u001b[43m[\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m42\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m]\u001b[49m \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mhello\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\n",
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"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[67], line 29\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mStaticArray.__setitem__\u001b[0;34m(self, index, val)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 27\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mdef\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;21m__setitem__\u001b[39m(\u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m, index, val):\n\u001b[1;32m 28\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m index \u001b[38;5;241m>\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mcapacity \u001b[38;5;129;01mor\u001b[39;00m index \u001b[38;5;241m<\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;241m-\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mcapacity:\n\u001b[0;32m---> 29\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mIndexError\u001b[39;00m(\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mIndex out of range\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[1;32m 30\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mitems[index] \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m val\n",
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"\u001b[0;31mIndexError\u001b[0m: Index out of range"
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]
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}
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],
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"sa[42] = \"hello\""
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]
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@ -351,20 +273,9 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 11,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"iterator 1 next() 1\n",
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"iterator 1 next() 2\n",
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"iterator 2 next() 1\n",
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"iterator 1 next() 3\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"ll = [1, 2, 3, 4]\n",
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"iterator = iter(ll)\n",
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@ -409,7 +320,7 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 56,
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"execution_count": 8,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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@ -419,13 +330,15 @@
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" self.n = n\n",
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"\n",
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" def __iter__(self):\n",
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" print(\"iter has been called\")\n",
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" return self\n",
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"\n",
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" def __next__(self):\n",
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" print(f\"next was called, moving {self.current} to {self.current+1}\")\n",
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" if self.current >= self.n:\n",
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" print(\"at the end\")\n",
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" raise StopIteration\n",
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" else:\n",
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" print(f\"next was called, moving {self.current} to {self.current+1}\")\n",
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" self.current += 1\n",
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" return self.current - 1\n",
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"\n",
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@ -435,27 +348,27 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 59,
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"execution_count": 12,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"0 0\n",
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"iter has been called\n",
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"next was called, moving 0 to 1\n",
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"iter has been called\n",
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"next was called, moving 1 to 2\n",
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"0 1\n",
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"next was called, moving 2 to 3\n",
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"0 2\n",
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"1 0\n",
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"1 1\n",
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"1 2\n",
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"2 0\n",
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"2 1\n",
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"2 2\n"
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"at the end\n",
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"at the end\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"sr = range(3)\n",
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"sr = SimpleRange(3)\n",
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"for i in sr:\n",
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" for j in sr:\n",
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" print(i, j)"
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@ -463,19 +376,11 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 57,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"tags": []
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"SimpleRange(5, current=0)\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"sr = SimpleRange(5)\n",
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"siter = iter(sr)\n",
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@ -484,41 +389,22 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 15,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"tags": []
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"data": {
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"text/plain": [
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"True"
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]
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},
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"execution_count": 15,
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"metadata": {},
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"output_type": "execute_result"
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}
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],
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"siter is sr"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 16,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"tags": []
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"SimpleRange(5, current=1)\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"next(siter)\n",
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"print(siter)"
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@ -539,12 +425,12 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 17,
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"execution_count": 26,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# Adding __iter__ to StaticArray\n",
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"eclass StaticArrayIterator:\n",
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"class StaticArrayIterator:\n",
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" def __init__(self, values):\n",
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" self.values = values\n",
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" self.position = 0\n",
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@ -610,6 +496,57 @@
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" return StaticArrayIterator(self._items.copy())\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 31,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n",
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"1 1\n",
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"1 2\n",
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"1 3\n",
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"1 4\n",
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"1 5\n",
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"2 1\n",
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"2 2\n",
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"2 3\n",
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"2 4\n",
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"2 5\n",
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"3 1\n",
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"3 2\n",
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"3 3\n",
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"3 4\n",
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"3 5\n",
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"4 1\n",
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"4 2\n",
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"4 3\n",
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"4 4\n",
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"4 5\n",
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"5 1\n",
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"5 2\n",
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"5 3\n",
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"5 4\n",
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"5 5\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"sa = StaticArray(5, 2)\n",
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"sa[0] = 1\n",
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"sa[1] = 2\n",
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"sa[2] = 3\n",
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"sa[3] = 4\n",
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"sa[4] = 5\n",
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"print(sa)\n",
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"for x in sa:\n",
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" for y in sa:\n",
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" print(x, y)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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@ -633,7 +570,7 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 18,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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@ -664,28 +601,9 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 19,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"ran query SELECT * FROM users;\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"ename": "ZeroDivisionError",
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"evalue": "division by zero",
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"output_type": "error",
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"traceback": [
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"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
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"\u001b[0;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)",
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"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[19], line 4\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 2\u001b[0m db\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mquery(\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mSELECT * FROM users;\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[1;32m 3\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;66;03m# do something dangerous\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 4\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;241;43m1\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m/\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m0\u001b[39;49m\n",
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"\u001b[0;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m: division by zero"
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]
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}
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],
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"db = DatabaseConnection(\"hello\", \"world\")\n",
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"db.query(\"SELECT * FROM users;\")\n",
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@ -695,17 +613,9 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 20,
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"Connection connected=True\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# our connection is possibly left in a broken state\n",
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"print(db)"
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@ -713,31 +623,9 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 21,
|
||||
"execution_count": null,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"__enter__\n",
|
||||
"ran query SELECT * from users;\n",
|
||||
"__exit__\n",
|
||||
"rolling back changes\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"ename": "ZeroDivisionError",
|
||||
"evalue": "division by zero",
|
||||
"output_type": "error",
|
||||
"traceback": [
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)",
|
||||
"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[21], line 4\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 1\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mwith\u001b[39;00m DatabaseConnection(\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mhello\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m, \u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mworld\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m) \u001b[38;5;28;01mas\u001b[39;00m db:\n\u001b[1;32m 2\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;66;03m# __enter__\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[1;32m 3\u001b[0m db\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mquery(\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mSELECT * from users;\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[0;32m----> 4\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;241;43m1\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m/\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m0\u001b[39;49m\n\u001b[1;32m 5\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;66;03m# __exit__\u001b[39;00m\n",
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m: division by zero"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"with DatabaseConnection(\"hello\", \"world\") as db:\n",
|
||||
" # __enter__\n",
|
||||
@ -748,20 +636,9 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 22,
|
||||
"execution_count": null,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"data": {
|
||||
"text/plain": [
|
||||
"False"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
"execution_count": 22,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"output_type": "execute_result"
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"# changes were rolled back, and our connection is safe\n",
|
||||
"db.connected\n"
|
||||
@ -778,7 +655,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 23,
|
||||
"execution_count": 32,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
@ -804,29 +681,18 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 24,
|
||||
"execution_count": null,
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"data": {
|
||||
"text/plain": [
|
||||
"'add'"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
"execution_count": 24,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"output_type": "execute_result"
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"x.__name__"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 25,
|
||||
"execution_count": 48,
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
},
|
||||
@ -835,15 +701,19 @@
|
||||
"class Example:\n",
|
||||
" def __init__(self, name):\n",
|
||||
" self.name = name\n",
|
||||
" def __call__(self, *args):\n",
|
||||
" self.num_calls = 0\n",
|
||||
" def __call__(self, **kwargs):\n",
|
||||
" print(self.num_calls)\n",
|
||||
" self.num_calls += 1\n",
|
||||
" print(self.name, \"got\", args)\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"example = Example(\"one\")"
|
||||
"example = Example(\"one\")\n",
|
||||
"two = Example(\"two\")"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 26,
|
||||
"execution_count": 47,
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
},
|
||||
@ -852,12 +722,31 @@
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"one got ()\n"
|
||||
"7\n",
|
||||
"one got (1, 2, 3)\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"example()"
|
||||
"example(1, 2, 3)"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 51,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"2\n",
|
||||
"two got ()\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"two()"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
@ -869,7 +758,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 27,
|
||||
"execution_count": 54,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
@ -886,7 +775,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 28,
|
||||
"execution_count": 55,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
@ -907,7 +796,6 @@
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"#expensive_func = Memoized(expensive_func)\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"print(expensive_func(1, 2, 3))\n",
|
||||
"print(expensive_func(1, 2, 3))\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
@ -923,7 +811,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 29,
|
||||
"execution_count": null,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
@ -951,19 +839,9 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 30,
|
||||
"execution_count": null,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"15\n",
|
||||
"add(args=(5,) kwargs={})\n",
|
||||
"Adds two numbers\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"def add(x, y):\n",
|
||||
" \"\"\"Adds two numbers\"\"\"\n",
|
||||
|
||||
@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 1,
|
||||
"execution_count": 26,
|
||||
"id": "aea2b16e-3012-4ce5-a806-7a2f0f712c08",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -37,12 +37,14 @@
|
||||
" # class attribute\n",
|
||||
" wheels = 4\n",
|
||||
" registrations = []\n",
|
||||
" \n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" def __init__(self, make, model, year):\n",
|
||||
" self.make = make \n",
|
||||
" self.model = model \n",
|
||||
" self.year = year\n",
|
||||
" self.registrations = []\n",
|
||||
" #self.wheels = 0\n",
|
||||
" Car.registrations.append(self)\n",
|
||||
" #self.registrations = []\n",
|
||||
" \n",
|
||||
" def compute_age(self):\n",
|
||||
" return datetime.date.today().year - self.year \n",
|
||||
@ -54,7 +56,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 2,
|
||||
"execution_count": 27,
|
||||
"id": "a3aee627-9404-4c08-9571-6c1206ed9790",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -80,7 +82,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 3,
|
||||
"execution_count": 28,
|
||||
"id": "61f681e4-0105-4b20-8d72-dfd5a347df8a",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
@ -90,7 +92,7 @@
|
||||
"True"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
"execution_count": 3,
|
||||
"execution_count": 28,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"output_type": "execute_result"
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -128,7 +130,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 5,
|
||||
"execution_count": 31,
|
||||
"id": "9997fc8a-6562-4e0a-8be9-9dc34446f5bd",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -139,8 +141,8 @@
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"False\n",
|
||||
"3\n",
|
||||
"3\n"
|
||||
"4\n",
|
||||
"4\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
@ -172,7 +174,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 6,
|
||||
"execution_count": 32,
|
||||
"id": "95bcb4f6-d11e-4074-90d3-63dc6a0f19eb",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -194,6 +196,7 @@
|
||||
" self.year = year\n",
|
||||
" \n",
|
||||
" def compute_age(self):\n",
|
||||
" print(self)\n",
|
||||
" current_year = int(date.today().year)\n",
|
||||
" return current_year - self.year \n",
|
||||
" \n",
|
||||
@ -208,7 +211,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 7,
|
||||
"execution_count": 35,
|
||||
"id": "0805ad8c-4b7a-48e2-9ff9-be57a03067dc",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -220,14 +223,15 @@
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"<class '__main__.Car'>\n",
|
||||
"Car has 4 wheels with a tire pressure of 35\n",
|
||||
"<class '__main__.Car'>\n",
|
||||
"Car has 4 wheels with a tire pressure of 35\n"
|
||||
"<__main__.Car object at 0x1034b7e50>\n",
|
||||
"5\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"print(Car.tire_description())\n",
|
||||
"print(car1.tire_description())"
|
||||
"#print(car1.tire_description())\n",
|
||||
"print(car1.compute_age())"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
@ -308,21 +312,25 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 10,
|
||||
"execution_count": 40,
|
||||
"id": "a1c858ea-8222-4776-a3b7-9f7443bd918f",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"car1str = \"Pontiac|Grand Am|1997\"\n",
|
||||
"car2str = \"Ford|Mustang|1970\"\n",
|
||||
"car3str = \"Hyundai|Sonata|2007\""
|
||||
"car1str = \"Pontiac|Grand Am|1997|4892\"\n",
|
||||
"car2str = \"Ford|Mustang|1970|800\"\n",
|
||||
"car3str = \"Hyundai|Sonata|2007|0\"\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"def make_car_from_string(s: str) -> Car:\n",
|
||||
" ..."
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 11,
|
||||
"execution_count": 41,
|
||||
"id": "5c10ac8b-deb5-4a23-9beb-d0d32306552d",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -339,12 +347,15 @@
|
||||
" self.make = make \n",
|
||||
" self.model = model \n",
|
||||
" self.year = year\n",
|
||||
" self.mileage = 0\n",
|
||||
" \n",
|
||||
" @classmethod\n",
|
||||
" def from_string(cls, string):\n",
|
||||
" make, model, year = string.split(\"|\")\n",
|
||||
" make, model, year, mileage = string.split(\"|\")\n",
|
||||
" # invoke Car's constructor\n",
|
||||
" return cls(make, model, year)\n",
|
||||
" new_instance = cls(make, model, year)\n",
|
||||
" new_instance.mileage = mileage\n",
|
||||
" return new_instance\n",
|
||||
" \n",
|
||||
" def compute_age(self):\n",
|
||||
" current_year = int(date.today().year)\n",
|
||||
@ -362,7 +373,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 12,
|
||||
"execution_count": 42,
|
||||
"id": "39b783df-a6a6-4a6e-b33e-a20ec18f4671",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -376,7 +387,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 16,
|
||||
"execution_count": 43,
|
||||
"id": "b5cde4b1-168f-48bd-ac95-b0ca87c66c5a",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -411,6 +422,101 @@
|
||||
" - ``itertools.chain.from_iterable()``\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 45,
|
||||
"id": "d673a408-4e12-49ae-b402-5179820e35fa",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"ename": "TypeError",
|
||||
"evalue": "map() must have at least two arguments.",
|
||||
"output_type": "error",
|
||||
"traceback": [
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)",
|
||||
"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[45], line 1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0m x \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28mlist\u001b[39m(\u001b[38;5;28;43mmap\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m)\n\u001b[1;32m 2\u001b[0m y \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28mdict\u001b[39m(\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39m)\n",
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: map() must have at least two arguments."
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"x = list(map(...))\n",
|
||||
"y = dict(...)"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 13,
|
||||
"id": "3a5ed2dd-732f-4fb2-b776-475c60f2f0ec",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"data": {
|
||||
"text/plain": [
|
||||
"datetime.date(2024, 11, 11)"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
"execution_count": 13,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"output_type": "execute_result"
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"import datetime\n",
|
||||
"datetime.date(2024, 11, 11)"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 14,
|
||||
"id": "dccd79cc-4f80-4609-bc11-d136beb1b9b9",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"data": {
|
||||
"text/plain": [
|
||||
"datetime.date(2009, 2, 13)"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
"execution_count": 14,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"output_type": "execute_result"
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"datetime.date.fromtimestamp(1234567890)"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 46,
|
||||
"id": "6d9f0442-429c-4ed4-8dc2-3bd6f5064f09",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"1\n",
|
||||
"2\n",
|
||||
"3\n",
|
||||
"4\n",
|
||||
"5\n",
|
||||
"6\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"import itertools\n",
|
||||
"for x in itertools.chain.from_iterable([(1,2,3), (4,5,6)]):\n",
|
||||
" print(x)\n",
|
||||
"#for x in (1,2,3):\n",
|
||||
"# print(x)\n",
|
||||
"#for x in (4,5,6):\n",
|
||||
"# print(x)"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "markdown",
|
||||
"id": "c4d1ad9f-b280-4bcf-af74-bf8dc931dbab",
|
||||
@ -645,7 +751,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 24,
|
||||
"execution_count": 2,
|
||||
"id": "b5d16735-9280-4002-a4ba-bc267fd52ff2",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -657,8 +763,11 @@
|
||||
" self.__name = name # Assume it has getter/setters \n",
|
||||
" self.set_age(age)\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" def _calculate_age_from_birthday():\n",
|
||||
" pass\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" def get_age(self):\n",
|
||||
" return self.__age\n",
|
||||
" return self._calculate_age_from_birthday()\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" def set_age(self, age):\n",
|
||||
" if age < 0:\n",
|
||||
@ -673,19 +782,19 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 25,
|
||||
"execution_count": 3,
|
||||
"id": "1923f424-f9a4-4bb1-bd30-5847ecbc3064",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"p = Person(\"Joe Biden\", 79)"
|
||||
"p = Person(\"C. Montgomery Burns\", 100)"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 26,
|
||||
"execution_count": 4,
|
||||
"id": "74f206d8-3ecd-464d-a3ca-8a17f390f6ac",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -694,10 +803,10 @@
|
||||
{
|
||||
"data": {
|
||||
"text/plain": [
|
||||
"79"
|
||||
"100"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
"execution_count": 26,
|
||||
"execution_count": 4,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"output_type": "execute_result"
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -708,19 +817,19 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 27,
|
||||
"execution_count": 6,
|
||||
"id": "75b8d93c-c2f7-4712-9934-8ccf0ad22439",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"p.set_age(80)"
|
||||
"p.set_age(101)"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 28,
|
||||
"execution_count": 7,
|
||||
"id": "c89dd611-adec-405f-9ac8-0fb65a68e35d",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -729,10 +838,10 @@
|
||||
{
|
||||
"data": {
|
||||
"text/plain": [
|
||||
"80"
|
||||
"101"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
"execution_count": 28,
|
||||
"execution_count": 7,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"output_type": "execute_result"
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -743,7 +852,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 29,
|
||||
"execution_count": 8,
|
||||
"id": "af8b33ec-388a-4d9a-98c0-d5a824eede66",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -756,8 +865,8 @@
|
||||
"traceback": [
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31mValueError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)",
|
||||
"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[29], line 1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0m \u001b[43mp\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mset_age\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m-\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m1\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n",
|
||||
"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[24], line 11\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mPerson.set_age\u001b[0;34m(self, age)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 9\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mdef\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;21mset_age\u001b[39m(\u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m, age):\n\u001b[1;32m 10\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m age \u001b[38;5;241m<\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;241m0\u001b[39m:\n\u001b[0;32m---> 11\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mValueError\u001b[39;00m(\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mPerson can\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mt have a negative age!\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[1;32m 12\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39m__age \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m age\n",
|
||||
"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[8], line 1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0m \u001b[43mp\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mset_age\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m-\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m1\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n",
|
||||
"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[2], line 11\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mPerson.set_age\u001b[0;34m(self, age)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 9\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mdef\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;21mset_age\u001b[39m(\u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m, age):\n\u001b[1;32m 10\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m age \u001b[38;5;241m<\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;241m0\u001b[39m:\n\u001b[0;32m---> 11\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mValueError\u001b[39;00m(\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mPerson can\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mt have a negative age!\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[1;32m 12\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39m__age \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m age\n",
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31mValueError\u001b[0m: Person can't have a negative age!"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -768,17 +877,17 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 30,
|
||||
"execution_count": 9,
|
||||
"id": "9705d447-8568-476e-97ab-541b61f05002",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"data": {
|
||||
"text/plain": [
|
||||
"80"
|
||||
"101"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
"execution_count": 30,
|
||||
"execution_count": 9,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"output_type": "execute_result"
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -818,7 +927,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 31,
|
||||
"execution_count": 16,
|
||||
"id": "b92490b9-867a-461b-b922-a54235ca9463",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -826,15 +935,16 @@
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"class Person:\n",
|
||||
" \n",
|
||||
" def __init__(self, name, age):\n",
|
||||
" self.name = name # Assume it has getter/setters \n",
|
||||
" self.age = age\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" def get_age(self):\n",
|
||||
" def _get_age(self):\n",
|
||||
" print(\"inside get age\")\n",
|
||||
" return self.__age\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" def set_age(self, age):\n",
|
||||
" def _set_age(self, age):\n",
|
||||
" if age < 0:\n",
|
||||
" raise ValueError(\"Person can't have a negative age!\")\n",
|
||||
" self.__age = age\n",
|
||||
@ -842,66 +952,51 @@
|
||||
" def __repr__(self):\n",
|
||||
" return f\"Person({self.__name!r}, {self.__age})\"\n",
|
||||
" \n",
|
||||
" age = property(get_age, set_age, doc=\"age of the person\")"
|
||||
" age = property(_get_age, _set_age, doc=\"age of the person\")"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 32,
|
||||
"execution_count": 17,
|
||||
"id": "c32cd2dd-cb18-4858-b662-19790b74571e",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"inside get age\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"data": {
|
||||
"text/plain": [
|
||||
"['_Person__age',\n",
|
||||
" '__class__',\n",
|
||||
" '__delattr__',\n",
|
||||
" '__dict__',\n",
|
||||
" '__dir__',\n",
|
||||
" '__doc__',\n",
|
||||
" '__eq__',\n",
|
||||
" '__format__',\n",
|
||||
" '__ge__',\n",
|
||||
" '__getattribute__',\n",
|
||||
" '__gt__',\n",
|
||||
" '__hash__',\n",
|
||||
" '__init__',\n",
|
||||
" '__init_subclass__',\n",
|
||||
" '__le__',\n",
|
||||
" '__lt__',\n",
|
||||
" '__module__',\n",
|
||||
" '__ne__',\n",
|
||||
" '__new__',\n",
|
||||
" '__reduce__',\n",
|
||||
" '__reduce_ex__',\n",
|
||||
" '__repr__',\n",
|
||||
" '__setattr__',\n",
|
||||
" '__sizeof__',\n",
|
||||
" '__str__',\n",
|
||||
" '__subclasshook__',\n",
|
||||
" '__weakref__',\n",
|
||||
" 'age',\n",
|
||||
" 'get_age',\n",
|
||||
" 'name',\n",
|
||||
" 'set_age']"
|
||||
"1000"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
"execution_count": 32,
|
||||
"execution_count": 17,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"output_type": "execute_result"
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"p = Person(\"Wayne\", 30)\n",
|
||||
"dir(p)"
|
||||
"p.age"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 33,
|
||||
"execution_count": null,
|
||||
"id": "6c52d816-af8d-46bf-8e23-cc1417743868",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": []
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 15,
|
||||
"id": "30497dd2-ebf6-44f8-a4f9-d37b4384b06a",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -914,8 +1009,8 @@
|
||||
"traceback": [
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31mValueError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)",
|
||||
"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[33], line 1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0m \u001b[43mp\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mage\u001b[49m \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;241m-\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m1\u001b[39m\n",
|
||||
"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[31], line 12\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mPerson.set_age\u001b[0;34m(self, age)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 10\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mdef\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;21mset_age\u001b[39m(\u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m, age):\n\u001b[1;32m 11\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m age \u001b[38;5;241m<\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;241m0\u001b[39m:\n\u001b[0;32m---> 12\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mValueError\u001b[39;00m(\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mPerson can\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mt have a negative age!\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[1;32m 13\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39m__age \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m age\n",
|
||||
"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[15], line 1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0m \u001b[43mp\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mage\u001b[49m \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;241m-\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m1\u001b[39m\n",
|
||||
"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[10], line 12\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mPerson.set_age\u001b[0;34m(self, age)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 10\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mdef\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;21mset_age\u001b[39m(\u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m, age):\n\u001b[1;32m 11\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m age \u001b[38;5;241m<\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;241m0\u001b[39m:\n\u001b[0;32m---> 12\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mValueError\u001b[39;00m(\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mPerson can\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mt have a negative age!\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[1;32m 13\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39m__age \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m age\n",
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31mValueError\u001b[0m: Person can't have a negative age!"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -926,7 +1021,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 34,
|
||||
"execution_count": 13,
|
||||
"id": "06a9c879-8c84-4b57-b585-b162e6c489fa",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -963,7 +1058,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 35,
|
||||
"execution_count": 59,
|
||||
"id": "abe093f5-b911-434b-8071-00c9d177e5bf",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
@ -972,16 +1067,19 @@
|
||||
" def __init__(self, name, age):\n",
|
||||
" self.__name = name # Assume it has getter/setters \n",
|
||||
" # invokes setter\n",
|
||||
" self.age = age\n",
|
||||
" self.age = age #self.set_age(age)\n",
|
||||
" self.birth_date = ...\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" @property\n",
|
||||
" def age(self):\n",
|
||||
" \"\"\" returns the age property \"\"\"\n",
|
||||
" print('getter called')\n",
|
||||
" return self.__age\n",
|
||||
" #age = property(age)\n",
|
||||
" \n",
|
||||
" @age.setter\n",
|
||||
" def age(self, age):\n",
|
||||
" print('setter called')\n",
|
||||
" if age < 0:\n",
|
||||
" raise ValueError(\"Person can't have a negative age!\")\n",
|
||||
" self.__age = age\n",
|
||||
@ -992,14 +1090,24 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 36,
|
||||
"execution_count": 61,
|
||||
"id": "3bc6ff3e-9dc3-4b48-876b-3a7a98911da4",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"setter called\n",
|
||||
"getter called\n",
|
||||
"28\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"p2 = Person(\"Emma\", 28)\n",
|
||||
"#p2.age = -1\n",
|
||||
"p2.age = 4"
|
||||
"print(p2.age)"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
@ -1043,7 +1151,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 39,
|
||||
"execution_count": 26,
|
||||
"id": "0c9fc2ed-9a6e-41d3-a1bb-a7c13641d617",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -1055,28 +1163,29 @@
|
||||
" def __init__(self,width,height):\n",
|
||||
" self.width = width \n",
|
||||
" self.height = height \n",
|
||||
" self.area = width*height\n",
|
||||
" \n",
|
||||
" # read-only calculated property\n",
|
||||
" @property \n",
|
||||
" def area(self):\n",
|
||||
" return self.width * self.height "
|
||||
" #@property \n",
|
||||
" #def area(self):\n",
|
||||
" # return self.width * self.height "
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 40,
|
||||
"execution_count": 29,
|
||||
"id": "2aa20ea3-1292-4224-9d99-b40eab748021",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"r = Rectangle(3, 9)\n"
|
||||
"r = Rectangle(3, 9)"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 41,
|
||||
"execution_count": 30,
|
||||
"id": "a03f9038-7b97-4e0b-a46e-b8d558f12882",
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"tags": []
|
||||
@ -1096,7 +1205,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 47,
|
||||
"execution_count": 31,
|
||||
"id": "7d9ce39e-bfc3-4389-9315-a9bb16dcdec0",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
@ -1104,7 +1213,7 @@
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"54\n"
|
||||
"27\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
@ -1116,7 +1225,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 48,
|
||||
"execution_count": 78,
|
||||
"id": "489244f1-9568-4c73-93c8-86cb6ffecfe4",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
@ -1127,7 +1236,7 @@
|
||||
"traceback": [
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)",
|
||||
"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[48], line 2\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 1\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;66;03m# but can't be set\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 2\u001b[0m \u001b[43mr\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43marea\u001b[49m \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;241m4\u001b[39m\n",
|
||||
"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[78], line 2\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 1\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;66;03m# but can't be set\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 2\u001b[0m \u001b[43mr\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43marea\u001b[49m \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;241m4\u001b[39m\n",
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m: can't set attribute 'area'"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -1139,9 +1248,31 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": null,
|
||||
"execution_count": 25,
|
||||
"id": "a5ffcdd9-5c89-4cdb-84cc-81b255c2e28f",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"ename": "AttributeError",
|
||||
"evalue": "can't delete attribute 'area'",
|
||||
"output_type": "error",
|
||||
"traceback": [
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)",
|
||||
"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[25], line 1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mdel\u001b[39;00m r\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39marea\n",
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m: can't delete attribute 'area'"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"del r.area"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": null,
|
||||
"id": "952bb276-725e-43ea-835d-3ab4116696b6",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": []
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 4,
|
||||
"execution_count": 1,
|
||||
"id": "cfb1a2af-b065-43cf-b7b0-3bfb046d9d85",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
|
||||
" def __init__(self, value, _next=None):\n",
|
||||
" self.value = value\n",
|
||||
" self.next = _next\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" self.prev = ..\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"class LinkedList:\n",
|
||||
" def __init__(self):\n",
|
||||
@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 3,
|
||||
"execution_count": 2,
|
||||
"id": "2a796778-c06e-4585-b201-07061d25e561",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 6,
|
||||
"execution_count": 3,
|
||||
"id": "6c73e9f9-17e4-4057-b5fb-d169d0db9b96",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
@ -245,36 +245,19 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 12,
|
||||
"execution_count": 6,
|
||||
"id": "1db244c8-9168-4c19-a73c-53a20c48485a",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"called h()\n",
|
||||
" TOP -> [ h() ]\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"h called g()\n",
|
||||
" TOP -> [ g() ]\n",
|
||||
" [ h() ]\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"g called f()\n",
|
||||
" TOP -> [ f() ]\n",
|
||||
" [ g() ]\n",
|
||||
" [ h() ]\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"exited f()\n",
|
||||
" TOP -> [ g() ]\n",
|
||||
" [ h() ]\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"exited g()\n",
|
||||
" TOP -> [ h() ]\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"exited h()\n",
|
||||
" TOP -> \n"
|
||||
"ename": "NameError",
|
||||
"evalue": "name 'Stack' is not defined",
|
||||
"output_type": "error",
|
||||
"traceback": [
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)",
|
||||
"Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[6], line 1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0m s \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[43mStack\u001b[49m()\n\u001b[1;32m 2\u001b[0m s\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mpush(\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mh()\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[1;32m 3\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28mprint\u001b[39m(\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;130;01m\\n\u001b[39;00m\u001b[38;5;124mcalled h()\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m)\n",
|
||||
"\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m: name 'Stack' is not defined"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
@ -311,7 +294,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 14,
|
||||
"execution_count": 4,
|
||||
"id": "4525594e-070b-4bcb-b4c7-a3641f514b2d",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
@ -344,7 +327,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 17,
|
||||
"execution_count": 5,
|
||||
"id": "20c843b5-9c64-45cb-af77-514b680cbd9c",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
@ -398,7 +381,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 19,
|
||||
"execution_count": 6,
|
||||
"id": "a414509d-84bb-4ae7-a105-2c6b9dcb7406",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
@ -417,7 +400,7 @@
|
||||
"@print_elapsed\n",
|
||||
"def testfunc(QueueCls):\n",
|
||||
" queue = QueueCls()\n",
|
||||
" for item in range(100):\n",
|
||||
" for item in range(1000):\n",
|
||||
" queue.push(item)\n",
|
||||
" while queue:\n",
|
||||
" queue.pop()"
|
||||
@ -425,7 +408,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 20,
|
||||
"execution_count": 7,
|
||||
"id": "f1842168-b12d-4d1c-a004-10614904f3f2",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
@ -433,17 +416,17 @@
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"Took 7.605552673339844e-05 sec to run testfunc\n"
|
||||
"Took 0.0007648468017578125 sec to run testfunc\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"testfunc(ArrayQueue)\n"
|
||||
"testfunc(ArrayQueue)"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 21,
|
||||
"execution_count": 8,
|
||||
"id": "19a3b107-da59-40f3-bafb-70160747fb53",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
@ -451,7 +434,7 @@
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"Took 7.700920104980469e-05 sec to run testfunc\n"
|
||||
"Took 0.0006389617919921875 sec to run testfunc\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
@ -479,7 +462,7 @@
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 24,
|
||||
"execution_count": 9,
|
||||
"id": "93010cc5-55c9-4308-b0d0-8fac623f2c55",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
@ -487,9 +470,9 @@
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"1000000x ArrayQueue.push, took 0.10346049995860085\n",
|
||||
"1000000x DequeQueue.push, took 0.06602491601370275\n",
|
||||
"DequeQueue is 36.183% faster\n"
|
||||
"1000000x ArrayQueue.push, took 0.10360287500009235\n",
|
||||
"1000000x DequeQueue.push, took 0.06678124999996271\n",
|
||||
"DequeQueue is 35.541% less time\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
@ -512,12 +495,12 @@
|
||||
")\n",
|
||||
"print(f\"{number}x ArrayQueue.push, took\", elapsed)\n",
|
||||
"print(f\"{number}x DequeQueue.push, took\", elapsed2)\n",
|
||||
"print(f\"DequeQueue is {(elapsed-elapsed2) / elapsed * 100:.3f}% faster\")\n"
|
||||
"print(f\"DequeQueue is {(elapsed-elapsed2) / elapsed * 100:.3f}% less time\")\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 26,
|
||||
"execution_count": 10,
|
||||
"id": "f40f7691-599c-49f9-8f08-30aa14c1e90a",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
@ -525,9 +508,9 @@
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"10000x ArrayQueue.pop, took 1.7424908330431208\n",
|
||||
"10000x DequeQueue.pop, took 0.0005924999713897705\n",
|
||||
"DequeQueue is 99.966% faster\n"
|
||||
"10000x ArrayQueue.pop, took 17.357110499999976\n",
|
||||
"10000x DequeQueue.pop, took 0.0005909170000677477\n",
|
||||
"DequeQueue is 99.997% less time\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
@ -536,19 +519,19 @@
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"elapsed = timeit.timeit(\n",
|
||||
" \"queue.pop()\",\n",
|
||||
" setup=\"queue = QueueCls([0] * 1000000)\",\n",
|
||||
" setup=\"queue = QueueCls([0] * 10000000)\",\n",
|
||||
" globals={\"QueueCls\": ArrayQueue},\n",
|
||||
" number=number,\n",
|
||||
")\n",
|
||||
"elapsed2 = timeit.timeit(\n",
|
||||
" \"queue.pop()\",\n",
|
||||
" setup=\"queue = QueueCls([0] * 1000000)\",\n",
|
||||
" setup=\"queue = QueueCls([0] * 10000000)\",\n",
|
||||
" globals={\"QueueCls\": DequeQueue},\n",
|
||||
" number=number,\n",
|
||||
")\n",
|
||||
"print(f\"{number}x ArrayQueue.pop, took\", elapsed)\n",
|
||||
"print(f\"{number}x DequeQueue.pop, took\", elapsed2)\n",
|
||||
"print(f\"DequeQueue is {(elapsed-elapsed2) / elapsed * 100:.3f}% faster\")"
|
||||
"print(f\"DequeQueue is {(elapsed-elapsed2) / elapsed * 100:.3f}% less time\")"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
||||
@ -78,7 +78,8 @@
|
||||
" print_infix(node.left)\n",
|
||||
" print(node.value)\n",
|
||||
" if node.right:\n",
|
||||
" print_infix(node.right)"
|
||||
" print_infix(node.right)\n",
|
||||
" "
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
||||
401
hashtables.ipynb
Normal file
401
hashtables.ipynb
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,401 @@
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cells": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "markdown",
|
||||
"id": "a6c3f443-273b-4f49-9339-902e3251e0e4",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"# Hash Tables\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"A hash table is a collection that maps keys to values. Python's `dict` is an implementation of a hash table.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"For the course project, you will be implementing a hash table without using `dict`.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"### Hash Table Performance\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"| Operation | Average | Worst Case | \n",
|
||||
"| --------- | ---- | ---------- |\n",
|
||||
"| lookup | O(1) | O(n) |\n",
|
||||
"| insert | O(1) | O(n) |\n",
|
||||
"| delete | O(1) | O(n) |\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"Note: These are average case, as we'll see, depending on implementation, worst case can be much worse.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"A key property for hash tables is that we **do not need to linearly search through them for our data**.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"If you find yourself scanning every element in a hash table, you're doing something wrong.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"### Example\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"Let's first model a simple hashtable with fixed capacity of 10. For simplicity we'll stick to string keys.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"```\n",
|
||||
"[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ]\n",
|
||||
"```\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"When we get a key-value pair, we need to assign it a bucket.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"How can we write a function that takes a string and assigns it to a bucket?\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"1. Turn string into a number. **Hash Function**\n",
|
||||
"2. Take (number % capacity)"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 11,
|
||||
"id": "450367cc-fbd5-4b97-89d6-37f69cba5d91",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"def strhash(key):\n",
|
||||
" # ord converts a character to it's numeric representation\n",
|
||||
" # ord(\"A\") == 65\n",
|
||||
" # ord(\"z\") == 122\n",
|
||||
" # etc.\n",
|
||||
" return sum(ord(letter) for letter in key)"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 12,
|
||||
"id": "e689c2aa-a3a5-4400-b7bb-557944a725da",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"data": {
|
||||
"text/plain": [
|
||||
"410"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
"execution_count": 12,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"output_type": "execute_result"
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"strhash(\"bear\")"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 13,
|
||||
"id": "bb545dc8-7db6-46a0-bbc3-716f6bf3639b",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"data": {
|
||||
"text/plain": [
|
||||
"333"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
"execution_count": 13,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"output_type": "execute_result"
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"strhash(\"fox\")"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 14,
|
||||
"id": "0ef489a6-7f2c-46aa-aa2e-3ff10241eb46",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"class Hashtable:\n",
|
||||
" def __init__(self, capacity=10):\n",
|
||||
" self._table = [None] * capacity\n",
|
||||
" self.capacity = capacity\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" def __setitem__(self, key, value):\n",
|
||||
" index = strhash(key) % self.capacity\n",
|
||||
" self._table[index] = value\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" def __getitem__(self, key):\n",
|
||||
" index = strhash(key) % self.capacity\n",
|
||||
" value = self._table[index]\n",
|
||||
" if value:\n",
|
||||
" return value\n",
|
||||
" else:\n",
|
||||
" raise KeyError(key)\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" def display(self):\n",
|
||||
" print(f\"Capacity = {self.capacity}\")\n",
|
||||
" for idx, elem in enumerate(self._table):\n",
|
||||
" if elem:\n",
|
||||
" print(f\"{idx}: {elem}\")"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 15,
|
||||
"id": "8f73d5b3-1fbe-4439-a19f-3c1c73cf1e04",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"Capacity = 10\n",
|
||||
"0: 3\n",
|
||||
"3: 12\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"h = Hashtable()\n",
|
||||
"h[\"bear\"] = 3\n",
|
||||
"h[\"fox\"] = 12\n",
|
||||
"h.display()"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 16,
|
||||
"id": "1e68e2ee-9feb-4623-88a3-03b16d7fedd4",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"3\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"print(h[\"bear\"])"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 17,
|
||||
"id": "1535a473-c2e5-474f-8a80-e89ff3bd00bd",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"data": {
|
||||
"text/plain": [
|
||||
"True"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
"execution_count": 17,
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"output_type": "execute_result"
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"strhash(\"bear\") == strhash(\"been\") # different word, same hash!"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 19,
|
||||
"id": "3458faf2-cc40-4e31-a792-7a1515f718e7",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"Capacity = 10\n",
|
||||
"0: 12\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"h = Hashtable()\n",
|
||||
"h[\"bear\"] = 33\n",
|
||||
"h[\"been\"] = 12\n",
|
||||
"h.display()"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "markdown",
|
||||
"id": "b23a0b1f-1e59-4d83-aa4c-2c57d5706298",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"### Linear Probing\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"One solution is to just walk forward in the storage list, until we find an empty space.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"Either way, we'll need to start storing the key as well. Let's revise our class:"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 6,
|
||||
"id": "6a5dd148-07ce-4e02-998a-75b9edce31f7",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"class Hashtable:\n",
|
||||
" def __init__(self, capacity=100):\n",
|
||||
" self._table = [None] * 100\n",
|
||||
" self.capacity = capacity\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" def __setitem__(self, key, value):\n",
|
||||
" index = strhash(key) % self.capacity\n",
|
||||
" while self._table[index] is not None:\n",
|
||||
" index += 1\n",
|
||||
" # Handling wrap-around omitted for brevity\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" # we now store the key and value\n",
|
||||
" self._table[index] = (key, value)\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" def __getitem__(self, key):\n",
|
||||
" index = strhash(key) % self.capacity\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" # walk forward until we either reach the item or an empty space\n",
|
||||
" while self._table[index] is not None:\n",
|
||||
" if self._table[index][0] == key:\n",
|
||||
" return self._table[index][1]\n",
|
||||
" index += 1\n",
|
||||
" # Handling wrap-around omitted for brevity\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" # if code got here, the item wasn't in the list\n",
|
||||
" raise KeyError(key)\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" def display(self):\n",
|
||||
" print(f\"Capacity = {self.capacity}\")\n",
|
||||
" for idx, elem in enumerate(self._table):\n",
|
||||
" if elem:\n",
|
||||
" print(f\"{idx}: {elem}\")"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 20,
|
||||
"id": "3251b310-dfae-4aae-9d04-603a5e20dbea",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"Capacity = 10\n",
|
||||
"0: 12\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"h = Hashtable()\n",
|
||||
"h[\"bear\"] = 33\n",
|
||||
"h[\"been\"] = 12\n",
|
||||
"h.display()"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": 21,
|
||||
"id": "781024b5-a81d-46be-8c87-84f3860395c6",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"name": "stdout",
|
||||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||||
"text": [
|
||||
"12\n",
|
||||
"12\n"
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"print(h[\"bear\"])\n",
|
||||
"print(h[\"been\"])"
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "markdown",
|
||||
"id": "f90d7b38-2f69-465d-8da1-59f8efd82909",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"source": [
|
||||
"### Separate Chaining\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"Another solution is to use a linked list to store multiple items in the same bucket. One could imagine each bucket being the head of a linked list where items that hash to that value are stored linearly.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"This is the approach we're asking you to use for the course project.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"**What happens if we have a lot of items in the same bucket?**\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"### Better Hash Function\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"Ideally a hash function will evenly distribute values across the collection.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"A common pattern is to use a polynomial hash function.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"$$h(x_0, ..., x_n) = (\\sum_{i=0}^{k-1}{c_ip^i})\\mod{m}$$\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"Where:\n",
|
||||
"- $x_0...x_i $ is the sequence\n",
|
||||
"- $k = len(x)$\n",
|
||||
"- $c_i$ is the numeric value of the character $x_i$ ($ord(x$ in Python)\n",
|
||||
"- $p$ is an arbitrary constant.\n",
|
||||
"- and $m$ is the size of the collection.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"```python\n",
|
||||
" def _hash(self, key):\n",
|
||||
" \"\"\"\n",
|
||||
" This method takes in a string and returns \n",
|
||||
" an integer value between 0 and self.capacity.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
" This particular hash function uses \n",
|
||||
" Horner's rule to compute a large polynomial.\n",
|
||||
" \"\"\"\n",
|
||||
" val = 0\n",
|
||||
" for letter in key:\n",
|
||||
" val = self.P_CONSTANT * val + ord(letter)\n",
|
||||
" return val % self.capacity\n",
|
||||
"```\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"### Questions\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"* Linear probing vs. separate chaining? Other approaches?\n",
|
||||
"* What if our hash function wasn't reliable?\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"### Rehashing\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"As we add more items to our hash table, we'll eventually run out of space. We can increase the capacity of our table, but we'll need to rehash all of our existing items.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"Because which bucket we choose depends on `hash(item) % capacity` items would end up in different buckets if we change capacity.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"This means when we resize, we need to rehash all of our items.\n",
|
||||
"\n",
|
||||
"A common pattern is to double capacity when the table is ~50% full."
|
||||
]
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||||
"execution_count": null,
|
||||
"id": "c1d5023d-25db-4885-a303-2c34d1a453de",
|
||||
"metadata": {},
|
||||
"outputs": [],
|
||||
"source": []
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"metadata": {
|
||||
"kernelspec": {
|
||||
"display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
|
||||
"language": "python",
|
||||
"name": "python3"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"language_info": {
|
||||
"codemirror_mode": {
|
||||
"name": "ipython",
|
||||
"version": 3
|
||||
},
|
||||
"file_extension": ".py",
|
||||
"mimetype": "text/x-python",
|
||||
"name": "python",
|
||||
"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
|
||||
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
|
||||
"version": "3.10.15"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"nbformat": 4,
|
||||
"nbformat_minor": 5
|
||||
}
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user